Chromium Acetate (also known as chromic acetate or chromium(III) acetate) refers to coordination compounds formed by combining chromium with acetic acid. Commercial grades primarily exist as Chromium(III) acetate ($\text{Cr}(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_3$ or basic chromium acetate, $\text{Cr}_3(\text{OH})_2(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_7$), though Chromium(II) acetate (chromous acetate, $\text{Cr}_2(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_4(\text{H}_2\text{O})_2$) is also well-known in coordination chemistry.
Key Chemical & Physical Properties
| Property |
Chromium(III) Acetate (Chromic Acetate) |
Chromium(II) Acetate (Chromous Acetate) |
| Chemical Formula |
$\text{Cr}(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_3$ or $[\text{Cr}_3\text{O}(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_6(\text{H}_2\text{O})_3]^+$ |
$\text{Cr}_2(\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_4(\text{H}_2\text{O})_2$ |
| CAS Registry Number |
1066-30-4 (or 39430-51-8 for basic form) |
14976-80-8 (or 66173-02-2) |
| Molar Mass |
$229.13\text{ g/mol}$ (monomer) |
$376.20\text{ g/mol}$ (dihydrate) |
| Appearance |
Dark green to bluish-green crystalline powder |
Bright red or reddish-orange crystalline powder |
| Oxidation State |
$+3$ (Chromic) |
$+2$ (Chromous) |
| Solubility in Water |
Highly soluble in cold water; decomposes in hot water |
Slightly soluble in cold water; soluble in alcohol |
| Air Sensitivity |
Stable in air |
Extremely air-sensitive (rapidly oxidizes to $\text{Cr}^{3+}$) |
Key Structural Feature
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Chromium(II) Acetate contains a distinct quadruple bond ($\text{Cr}\equiv\text{Cr}$) between the two chromium centers, making it a landmark complex in inorganic and metal-metal bonding chemistry.
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Chromium(III) Acetate typically forms a trimeric structure featuring a central oxygen atom bridged by acetate groups ($[\text{Cr}_3\text{O}(\text{OAc})_6(\text{H}_2\text{O})_3]^+$).
Primary Applications
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Textile & Leather Industry: Used as a mordant in textile dyeing and printing to fix dyes onto fabrics, and in specialized leather tanning processes.
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Oil & Gas Industry (Polymer Crosslinking): Applied as a crosslinking agent for polymer gels (such as polyacrylamides) in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations to plug high-permeability reservoir zones.
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Catalysis & Organic Synthesis: Serves as a catalyst in organic synthesis, oxidation reactions, and polymerization processes.
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Chemical Intermediate: Used as a soluble precursor to produce chromium-based pigments, surface coatings, and corrosion inhibitors.
Trade & Identification Details